Ethical Dimensions of Health Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical Dimensions of Health Care - Essay Example this case, the patient tells the doctor that her belief system allows no blood transfusion of which the doctor agreed to respect that faith and will do no transfusion as agreed in accordance to the patient’s belief system. The risks are known and the agreement was made. The principle of informed consent bind me to the agreement made based on the disclosed information of the patient and informing her of the risk. The risk may be greater but the alternative also has risk. The patient is specific and she knows what she would go through. In this case where risk cannot be discounted, the most prudent and humane thing to do is to follow the patient’s request. The doctor can dissuade informing her of the risks involved, but in the end, it is the patient’s decision that must prevail and respected. My conscience will haunt me if I will not follow our agreement and did transfusion which violated her religious faith and then she died. On the other hand, the patient will also not like and will likely sue me with the danger of losing my license if I did the transfusion and she lived. She will also be haunted by her conscience because her faith was violated and my purpose as a physician is defeated because she did not like the way I did the

Unseen Commentary Essay Example for Free

Unseen Commentary Essay Old mother and her mother-in-law have a poor relationship as they are unable to communicate with each other well. Old mother’s mother-in-law felt that Old Mother was ‘incapable’ of giving birth to males. Thus Old Mother’s mother-in-law deemed Old Mother as one who was infertile and unable to produce any male children to the family. Therefore showing that Old Mother’s mother-in-law looked down upon Old Mother as she did not have much confidence in Old Mother to achieve her mother-in-law’s expectations of a daughter-in-law. Old Mother calls her mother-in-law as ‘the old haughty one’. This implies that Old Mother’s mother-in-law was arrogant. Thus to call someone arrogant shows that the person is proud and snooty, therefore difficult to maintain a good relationship as Old Mother’s mother-in-law despises old Mother. Old Mother also describes her mother-in-law as one with a ‘poisonous tongue’. This shows that her mother-in-law often criticises Old mother and often, these criticism are hurtful. Hence, it is difficult to maintain a good relationship when there is constant criticism of each other and lack of respect for one another. Old mother and her sister-in-law have a strained relationship as they are faced with the competition of being the ideal daughter-in-law with the best children. Old Mother experienced ‘bitter humiliation’ from her sister-in-law. Thus Old Mother was embarrassed by sister-in-law as they both were competing for their other-in-law’s favour by having the healthiest sons. This shows that through the competition between the two, Old Mother’s sister-in-law had done some things to purposely disgrace Old Mother thus straining their relationship. Also, Old Mother describes her sister-in-law to be ‘as spiteful as a snake’. This shows that sister-in-law as mean to Old Mother and was unpleasant towards Old Mother. Thus showing the stiff competition in the family to produce healthy sons in which caused Old Mother and her sister-in-law to be mean to each other. Also, Old Mother made many comparisons between her sons and the sons of her sister-in-law’s. One comparison made was that Old mother’s three sons were ‘healthy boys’ while her sister-in-laws son was ‘a sickly puny one’. Therefore the rivalry between old mother and her sister-in-law had resulted in a strained relationship. The relationship between Old Mother’ mother-in-law and sister -in-law is similar to that of old Mother and her mother-in-law. But here, mother-in-law is less pleased with sister-in-law’s son who was thin and small. Mother-in-law ‘spoke sharply’ to Second sister-in-law as her son was small. This shows that mother-in-law was unsatisfied with Second sister-in-law for giving birth to such an unhealthy child. When mother-in-law compared Old Mother’s son with Second sister-in-law’s son, she ‘clucked her tongue in disapproval’. Thus shows that mother-in-law is disappointed that Second sister-in-law did not raise her son to be healthy. Thus resulting in mother-in-law to despise Second sister-in-law and criticising her. Also, Second sister-in-law became ‘silent with resentment’. This shows that Second sister-in-law is offended by mother-in-law’s comparison of old Mother’s and her sons. Thus with anger boiling up in Second sister-in-law, she is unable to maintain a good relationship with mother-in-law as it would always lead to the comparison of the sons. ii. Old Mother is competitive and loves to win which creates a sense of intimidation in the readers. Old Mother let out a ‘gleeful chuckle’ when she remembered how her son was much better than Second sister-in-law’s. Old Mother had made a comparison between Second sister-in-law’s son who was older than Old Mothers second son but was only half the size. Old mother was glad and had felt that she had victory over Second sister-in-law. Hus showing how winning can bring about pride to Old Mother, hence old mother is competitive and delights in winning. Old Mother ‘chuckled in malicious triumph’ when Second sister-in-law’s son was criticised by mother-in-law while Old mother was praised for taking good care of her son. Thus old Mother was competitive and was elated that mother-in-law was in her favour. But Old Mother’s triumph was malicious, which was hateful thus creating a sense of intimidation as Old Mother’s aggressiveness is rev ealed. Old Mother kept recollecting the past of her winning Second second-sister-in-law and when mother-in-law was pleased with her. Old Mother’s health is ailing as her health had deteriorated over the years. Old Mother’s was ‘once robust’ but now she is resting in a hospital. This shows that old Mother was not as healthy and strong as she used to be. Thus she needs the help of nurses to take care of her so that she could be comfortable. Old Mother had ‘shrunk pitiably’ shows that she became very weak and her health had worsened a lot and she had shrivelled up to a pitiful sate. Thus showing that old mother has lost her health and most probably had contracted a disease which led to her being shrunk to such a state. Old Mother was ‘not in pain’ as she rested in the hospital. This shows that old Mother is not feeling any pain as her health is getting worse. But it may also imply that Old Mother was in pain previously before entering the hospital. The writer used repetition to convey the feelings and impressions of Old Mother to me. The repeated use of the ‘old haughty one’ to describe mother-in-law by Old Mother shows how much Old Mother despises mother-in-law’s criticism towards her. The criticism by mother-in-law had caused old Mother to be motivated to bear healthy sons into the family so that it would please mother-in-law. Thus, by pleasing mother-in-law of producing three healthy sons, Old Mother has ‘won’ her competition against mother-in-law. Old mother also repeatedly remembers the times whereby mother-in-law compares her children with that of Second sister-in-law’s. These comparisons shows old Mother’s competitiveness as she feels the pride of winning Second sister-in-law by having the more ideal grandson.

Largest shoe manufacturer

Largest shoe manufacturer Q1. a) The reasons that prompted Nike to change its approach to demand forecasting: Nikes growth from being the 12th largest shoe manufacturer in 1984 to the world leader in the footwear industry by mid 1990s increased the intricacy of its manufacturing schedules. The demand forecasting adopted by Nike prior to considering the new approach saw the retailers placing an order six months ahead of the delivery. Due to the six months lag in delivery Nike could not forecast whether the ordered shoes would be in demand after six months once they reach the store shelves[1]. The existing forecasting technique failed in identifying the quantity of order to be placed with such a long lead time. And had to depend solely on their brand name and hoped that the product would sell. The expanding market demanded a faster delivery, thus pressurizing Nike to shorten the lead time from the standard shipping time of six months. The 27 order management systems that formed Nikes supply chain crumbled under pressure to develop accurate demand forecasts, these factors lead Nike to implement a new demand forecasting. b) Outcomes of the new demand forecasting system. The vigorous demands indirectly affected the new demand forecasting system, resulting in excess manufacturing of some products while developing inventory shortages for others as they struggled to cope up with the customer demands. Nike ended up ordering US $90 million worth of shoes which were in low demand like Air Garnett II, also a shortfall of US$80 million to US$100 million on popular models, like Air Force One. Nike filled the back orders that were to be supplied and disposed of excessive inventory through discount sales and bargain basement prices through its outlet stores. This continued for about 6-9 months to neutralize the incorrect proportions in inventory and two years to overcome the financial losses. Nikes share prices dropped considerably due to the losses and faulty forecasts. Costing Nike more than US$100 million in lost sales, there by lowering its stock prices by 20% and also leading it to a series of legal battles. Q2. a) The reasons that resulted in such a huge gap between demand and supply at Nike: The implementation of i2 had adverse effects for Nike, since I2 were inexperienced in providing supply-chain systems for the footwear and apparel industry. Nikes higher demand data meant heavy customisation was done on i2 this clogged up the software thus by slowing it considerably to such an extent that a single screen would take 3 minutes to load[2]. Further analysts stated that Nike was installing SAP software to help take orders from customers and get those orders through manufacturing. This led to queuing which led to the complexity in matching up of information from SAP and i22. Thus Nike had erroneous orders being sent to the manufacturers and was unable to recover from the errors until it was too late. b) According to my opinion this situation could have been avoided: If Nike would have considered the facts of acquiring actual data from retailers like direct point-of-sale integration rather than software algorithms. By developing a better collaboration with the far east manufacturers to reduce the overall lead time there by converting the supply chain from make-to-sell to make-to-order. Nestlà © and Nike: How they almost failed by Gene LeshinskyFebruary 18th, 2008 Long Strange Trip: Nike Finally Regains Footing: By Larry Barrett

Dining Establishments And Eating :: essays research papers

Dining Establishments and Eating   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many factors that may change your decision on choosing a place to dine. Some people dine out almost every night, and some people may dine out only once every month or so. People treat eating out differently than others. It all depends on the type of the mood, or the time the individual may have. There are many types of eating establishments that cater to the different types of occasions, from the more elite, to the brief luncheon, and to the fast outing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For some people eating out is to be done in haste. For that type of people eating out is simple, done to avoid the time of preparation, and cleaning up a meal. Fast food is a quick, easy way to eat on the run, with a no frills atmosphere. These people are â€Å"on the run† with things that they must accomplish in a limited amount of time. Some fast food restaurants may include: Burger King, McDonalds, Subway, or Kentucky Fried Chicken. Fast food would be an easy solution to the problem of the time factor. Fast food can easily be recognized when you enter the parking lot. For fast food the parking lot is more accessible to people(less landscaping), more entrances and exit doors(for more saved time). Once entering the building one can distinguish a fast food restaurant, by the high traffic tile floors, plastic bench seating that does not move for comfort, and the poor taste of interior design with small amounts of decoration. These buildings were meant for eating quickly, and then leaving, visual impact is not a major concern. There will be no waiters to take your order. A line to the cash register is the only way to get your food, unless the decision of the drive up window is made. Food is often times pre-prepared to save time. Casual dining has more enjoyable food, and a more refreshed environment, with only a little more time involved. Some casual dining may include: TGIF† Fridays†, Dennys, or Eat and Park. Parking is a little further back, and more landscaping may be involved to have a grander appearance. When you enter through the only main entrance and exit door, wall to wall carpeting may be an option, and more lavish plants, and paintings. Instead of finding your own seat, a host will lead you to the section you prefer. The seating in some cases would be moveable for more comfort. In most, the seating is either plush cloth, or mostly padded vinyl, for comfort. Silverware would already exist on the table Dining Establishments And Eating :: essays research papers Dining Establishments and Eating   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many factors that may change your decision on choosing a place to dine. Some people dine out almost every night, and some people may dine out only once every month or so. People treat eating out differently than others. It all depends on the type of the mood, or the time the individual may have. There are many types of eating establishments that cater to the different types of occasions, from the more elite, to the brief luncheon, and to the fast outing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For some people eating out is to be done in haste. For that type of people eating out is simple, done to avoid the time of preparation, and cleaning up a meal. Fast food is a quick, easy way to eat on the run, with a no frills atmosphere. These people are â€Å"on the run† with things that they must accomplish in a limited amount of time. Some fast food restaurants may include: Burger King, McDonalds, Subway, or Kentucky Fried Chicken. Fast food would be an easy solution to the problem of the time factor. Fast food can easily be recognized when you enter the parking lot. For fast food the parking lot is more accessible to people(less landscaping), more entrances and exit doors(for more saved time). Once entering the building one can distinguish a fast food restaurant, by the high traffic tile floors, plastic bench seating that does not move for comfort, and the poor taste of interior design with small amounts of decoration. These buildings were meant for eating quickly, and then leaving, visual impact is not a major concern. There will be no waiters to take your order. A line to the cash register is the only way to get your food, unless the decision of the drive up window is made. Food is often times pre-prepared to save time. Casual dining has more enjoyable food, and a more refreshed environment, with only a little more time involved. Some casual dining may include: TGIF† Fridays†, Dennys, or Eat and Park. Parking is a little further back, and more landscaping may be involved to have a grander appearance. When you enter through the only main entrance and exit door, wall to wall carpeting may be an option, and more lavish plants, and paintings. Instead of finding your own seat, a host will lead you to the section you prefer. The seating in some cases would be moveable for more comfort. In most, the seating is either plush cloth, or mostly padded vinyl, for comfort. Silverware would already exist on the table

Blueberry Blueberries

Blueberry Blueberries are perennial flowering plants of the genus Vaccinium, and are native to North America. The genus is very diverse, containing 150 to 450 species, mostly found in the tropics at high elevation, but also in temperate and boreal regions. Most are shrubs, but again, a diverse range of growth forms from epiphytes to trees exists. The leaves can be either deciduous or evergreen, ovate to lanceolate. The flowers are bell-shaped; white, pale pink or red, sometimes tinged greenish.The fruit is a berry 5-16 millimeters in diameter with a flared crown at the end; they are pale green at first, then reddish purple, and finally dark blue when ripe. Three commercially important blueberry species are recognized, along with two interspecific hybrids: Northern Highbush blueberry, Rabbiteye blueberry, Lowbush blueberry, Southern highbush, and half- high highbush. The blueberry plant’s reproduction was designed specifically for pollination. The flowers of blueberries need to be pollinated by insects. There are special characteristics in a blueberry flower that make pollination easier.The flowers are fused, having only one end opened. The nectarines, which cause the blueberry to become pollinated, are at the base of the ovary and have a sweet-smelling aroma, attracting the insect far into the flower. Its stamens are shorter than normal, and the pollen is unable to fall on the stigma. The plant is designed to not self-pollinate. Blueberries have many different uses. They are sold fresh or processed, puree, juice, or dried. They may be turned into a variety of consumer goods such as jellies, jams, pies, muffins, and cereal.Especially in wild species, blueberries contain phytochemicals, which possibly have a role in reducing risks of some diseases, including inflammation and certain cancers. A 2007 symposium on berry health benefits, reports showed consumption of blueberries may alleviate the cognitive decline occurring in Alzheimer’s disease and ot her conditions of aging. Feeding blueberries to animals reduced brain damage in experimental stroke. Research has also shown the blueberries may help prevent urinary tract infections.After many laboratory- based animal and cell studies show that anthocyanins, found in blueberries cause blood vessels to relax and increase production of nitric oxide, which helps in maintaining normal blood pressure. Other animal studies found blueberry consumption lowered cholesterol and total blood lipid levels, possibly affecting symptoms of heart disease. Another study also found supplementation of diets with wild blueberry juice enhanced memory and learning in older adults, while reducing blood sugar and symptoms of depression. Also the blueberry plant is excellent for people who are diabetic or have heart problems.They can eat the berries and make teas from the plant. Blueberries were also used to dye fabrics, textiles, and baskets. Early colonists made gray paint out of the blueberries by boilin g them in milk. A blueberry extract diet improves balance, coordination, and short-term memory. Studies have also showed that because blueberries are high in bioflavonoids, which are used by the rods in the eye for night vision, that blueberries can improve night vision. Since blueberries are so high in antioxidants signs of aging such as wrinkles and sagging skin are prevented.

Rankle

Rankle Rankle Rankle By Maeve Maddox A reader declares: I rankle Or get rankled when I hear someone, usually, an athlete, is under rated. What does this mean? The question asks about the term underrated, but this post will focus mainly on rankle. First, the verb underrate: underrate: to estimate at too low a value or worth. Ex. Research shows men tend to overrate themselves and women underrate themselves. Further explanation of underrate does not seem necessary. The reader is correct in the observation that the term is frequently used in reference to athletes. For example, a Google search brings up several lists of â€Å"the most underrated sports figures†: 10 Most Underrated Athletes of All Time The 25 Most Underrated Sports Superstars of All Time The List: Underrated all-time athletes 10 of the most underrated sports stars of all time The 5 Most Underrated Athletes The 25 Greatest Underrated NBA Players of All Time Now, to rankle. Taken into English from Old French, the verb rankle initially meant â€Å"to fester† or â€Å"to suppurate.† A wound that rankled was in the process of rotting. Over time, the word has dwindled in figurative use to mean to annoy or to irritate. Rankle conveys a sense of ongoing emotional hurt or bitterness. The verb may be used transitively or intransitively. Here are examples of current use: After less than three months on the job, LePage has already managed to rankle more constituencies with his bluntness than any Maine governor in recent memory.- Deseret News Christie’s Cowboys Support Rankles Some New Jersey Residents- Wall Street Journal My father didn’t get his due. That still rankles.- Shadaab Khan $10 bill change rankles descendant of Alexander Hamilton- New York Times [Rod] Serling was not just another freelancer and he rankled at the perceived affront to his work- Jeannot Szwarc Are you rankled by your cankles? A new liposuction treatment may help- Daily Mail Note: The word cankle is a new one on me. Word flags it as a misspelling. Cankle does not appear in the OED or on the Ngram Viewer, but Merriam-Webster offers a citation from The Philadelphia Inquirer dated 2001 and defines cankle as: a wide, thick, or fat ankle that appears indistinguishable from the lower calf. Cankle is a portmanteau: calf + ankle. As for rankle, It’s a good word to convey a festering annoyance of long duration. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†Hyper and HypoUsing Writing Bursts to Generate Ideas and Enthusiasm

Bata India Essays

Bata India Essays Bata India Essay Bata India Essay This report discusses the detail of 1) Bata’s main line of business. 2) Its main competitors and their value chain comparison. 3) Strategy the company is following. 4) Current Costing System of the company. 5) Decision making on the basis of cost and information. 6) Decisions are being taken using management accounting information. To summarise the above points we know that Bata is the fastest growing footwear brand in the country with a presence across 400 cities.The brand offers a wide range of comfortable, stylish and trendy footwear at affordable prices, ensuring there is something in the collection for everyone. The USP of the brand lies in the fact that they have successfully made fashion and durability so affordable and accessible to all. This explains why Bata India sells over 45 million pairs of footwear every year and serves over 120,000 customers every day. Today, Bata India is the largest retailer and leading manufacturer of footwear in India.Bata’s main com petitors are Mirza Intl, Liberty Shoes, Crew B. O. S; Bhartiya Inter. In this report we have compared the Value chains of Bata India Ltd and liberty Shoes Ltd which says that Bata has a competitive advantage over Liberty shoes. Bata follows backward integration and are not dependent on some third party for procurement of raw materials which makes it cost effective. Apart from this Bata has a huge competitive advantage over Liberty in the area of sales and distribution channel. Bata follows Cost leadership strategy.The company enjoys the highest market share in India and this is evident from the fact that the total retail presence of the company currently is more than thrice that of its closest competitor (Liberty: 381 stores). Bata has over 15% market share in Organized Retail market and around 6. 5% share in unorganized retail. Bata is produces its own raw material to improve its profitability. Bata reduces its cost by demand based production, setting up manufacturing base in tax-f ree locations, using different mix for footwear production with cheaper raw material.Also, they started cutting some cost through sales and distribution network, which is really huge distribution network. Bata earlier concentrated only on manufacturing footwear and selling them anyhow but in recent times it has changed its image of the production oriented company to affordable, market driven, fashion conscious, lifestyle brand and hence the decision to reposition. The Company has been focusing on consumers and market demand which will reduce inventories and improve sales-to-stock turnover. Bata has also adopted cost cutting strategies without any compromise on style, quality and design.Management Accounting Project: Company selected – Bata India Ltd. a. What is the company’s main line of business and which sector? Bata India is the largest retailer and leading manufacturer of footwear in India and is a part of the Bata Shoe Organization. b. Who are the main competitors ? Bata India’s main competitors are Mirza Intl, Liberty Shoes, Crew B. O. S; Bhartiya Inter. Bata has the highest market share compared to all its competitors. c. Try to compare and contrast the value chains of the two companies.Value Chain Analysis describes the activities that take place in a business and relates them to an analysis of the competitive strength of the business. The activities of a business could be grouped under two headings: (1) Primary Activities those that are directly concerned with creating and delivering a product (e. g. component assembly) (2) Support Activities not directly involved in production, may increase effectiveness or efficiency. The following come under support activities: Procurement Technology Development Human Resource management Firm infrastructureIt is rare for a business to undertake all primary and support activities. BATA INDIA LTD. : Operations (Backward integration)- Company’s own tanneries located in Batanagar and Mokame hghat insures uninterrupted supply of raw material. Now they are not dependant on some third party for procurement of raw material. Sales and distribution- Bata operated through exclusive chain of executive own and franchise stores located in prime location country wide. Bata owns network of 300 exclusive wholesalers who serviced 30,000 retail outlets throughout country.Overall it has over 1,600 showrooms, 27 wholesale depots and 8 distribution centers across the country. Technological resources- In 2004, Bata installed point of sale management information system (POS), for providing sales and inventory information across the company’s stores. This provides company to plan production and optimize inventory level. LIBERTY SHOES LTD. : Technology – It has introduced a new material called TPU (Thermo Plastic Urethane), for high quality footwear, into the country. This material has better properties than PVC or TPR (conventional materials used for footwear).Liberty has als o been instrumental in introducing EVA (Ethyl Vinyl Acetate), which is a direct injection moulding used for making sole for the first time in Asia. This technology uses very light material amp; the footwear is made with the direct injection system. Liberty also pioneered the PU (Poly Urethane) Technology in India for the footwear industry. Besides these Thermo Plastic Elastomer has been developed for the first time in India at Liberty. A CAD/CAM design centre is in place at Liberty. The Sympatex waterproof technology in footwear was pioneered by also Liberty.Liberty is also the first company to market PPE products for safety purpose. Operations- Gharaunda is the first plant of its kind in this part of Asia that is equipped with Desma machines for PU Direct Injection Moulding. Using PUF technology and Computer Aided Systems this vertically integrated plant produces Industrial Safety Shoes that are made to European standards. Sympatex TEX booties as well as ordinary booties are also m ade here. Beside these Gharaunda has a design centre where an ambitious team of young designers working in tandem with experienced technologists. . Which strategy do the companies follow? Cost Leadership, Differentiation or Focus? Bata India Ltd. follows Cost Leadership strategy. Cost optimization and margin improvement: The Company is focusing on margin improvement and cost effectiveness programs which have started yielding results. The Company has initiated strict control on costs in purchases and outsourcing and is looking at global sourcing for raw materials to improve the net realization. The Company has also been clearing old merchandize through discount sales, write offs, etc. hich will enable it to focus on improving sales. e. The reflections about the current costing systems of the company? Currently the company is mainly focusing mainly on cost reducing strategies which are as follows: 1. Cost optimization: Strict control on costs in purchases and outsourcing. It is produ cing its own raw materials to improve its profitability. 2. Demand based production: The Company is focusing on consumers and market demand which will reduce inventories and improve sales-to-stock turnover. 3.Tax-free zone manufacturing base: After Himachal Pradesh and Uttaranchal the company is looking at and negotiating with the third party manufacturing facilities in two other tax-free states of Assam and Jammu and Kashmir. 4. Cost-cutting: Raw material used for used for 33% of total cost. Now Bata identified this problem and started using different mix for footwear production with cheaper raw material. Also, they started cutting some cost through sales and distribution network, which is really huge distribution network. f. How do the companies manage cost and use the information for decision making and control?Cost management in BATA : 1. BATA tried to reduce the costs of raw material. For this it tries to use different mix for footwear production with cheaper raw material. 2. I t also tried to reduce costs through sales and distribution network which is a very huge distribution network. So they continued to invest in expanding retail business. 3. They also tried to generate skilled manpower and cut costs through manpower reduction. 4. They reduced the inventory costs by clearing the existing merchandize by offering discounts. g. What decisions are being taken using management accounting information? 1. Decision to reposition:Bata earlier concentrated only on manufacturing footwear and selling them anyhow but in recent times it has changed its image of the production oriented company to affordable, market driven, fashion conscious, lifestyle brand and hence the decision to reposition. 2. Decision to produce based on logistics and demand: To optimise the utilisation of production facilities the logistics team focuses on obtaining orders from the market for the best selling designs and sizes and ensures that all raw materials are available in the factories we ll in time so that the Company can produce and place in shops the products that consumers want.Thus the Company has been focusing on consumers and market demand which will reduce inventories and improve sales-to-stock turnover. 3. Training and restructuring the frontline sales force: The Company has reorganized its front line sales force. It has undertaken an intensive training programme for its shop assistants and managers to ensure excellence in service to customers. It has also undertaken a rural marketing thrust wherein its reach is rapidly growing. It is recruiting managers with fresh ideas to inspire and empower the workforce with the requisite skills. . Bata uses technology like installation of point of sale management information system to keep an update about the inventory level, sale figure etc. 5. Bata also adopted the cost cutting strategy through use of different mix of raw materials for footwear production and also through sales and distribution but without any comprom ise on the style, quality and design of the product as it endeavours to break the myth of price factor by producing economy range of good quality and stylish products.RECOMMENDATIONS: ) The main recommendation we can give Bata is to repositioning itself. In India we still believe that Bata is just a company which produces footwear for school goers, office goers and regular use footwear like slippers and snickers. Bata is still trying to change its image of production oriented company to affordable, market driven, fashion conscious, lifestyle brand. Today they have a huge shoe line with a huge range of new designs on offer. To name a few they are Marie Claire, Weinbrenner, North Star, Power, Hush Puppies, Dr.Scholls, Ambassador, Bubblegummer etc but only a few segment of people know about this. So Bata must back their campaign through TVC’s, print media and word of mouth. 2) According to the survey conducted by Bata in African continent it was observed that people were not wea ring shoes at all. This means that there is a high scope of marketing shoes in African continent as no one has shoes. References: www. bata. in www. wikinvest. com www. moneycontrol. com www. inrnews. com www. scribd. com

Rise of the Killer Mutants

Rise of the Killer Mutants ers appear to be far from solving this phenomenon In 2005, Wright and his team also discovered many streptomyces strain and species have multiple resistances to various antibiotic drugs including some new synthetic drugs. This makes one to think of possible resistance of these streptomyces strain and species to the currently famous herbal drugs. What caught my attention is that commercial livestock practices as well as use of antibacterial detergents are some of the transfer grounds for these killer antibiotic resistant genes.

MBA Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MBA Project Management - Essay Example Cross- utilization of resources would also reduce the cost. Hyten has taken a reasonable approach to implement formal project management. Project management cannot be implemented without taking the employees in confidence. For this purpose, it organized the seminar to enlighten the management with the benefits of project management. Having confidential interviews was a good way to understand the hurdles in implementing the project and employees' perceptions. However, the implementers should consider the arguments presented by the managers and devise solutions to cater to the problems involved especially to those presented by the plant and engineering managers. They should meet with the general manager and take him into confidence too. They should also consider the time period for creating an adequate information system required for project management. For that, they may approach an outside company to find out how much time it would take to create the same information system for them The organizational personnel were focusing more on the disadvantages. ... However most of them accepted the fact the long-term benefits were more than the disadvantages in short term. Many of the disadvantages focused on the changes that would be required as a result of project management. For example, the staff would have to break work summaries into work packages, prepare commitment reports, estimate report data, perform project audits and prepare comparisons of projected versus actual costs. Besides the present internal control system would have to be changed after reviewing it. All of these would require more resources. The advantages included improved communication among the departments, cross-utilization of resources, better scheduling and reduced costs. Hence, to gain the advantages, it is important to consider the disadvantages and the changes required. 4. Are the issues raised regarding evaluations and compensations valid Provide some solutions and are these areas really a result of formal project management The issues that are raised regarding evaluations and compensations are valid. If employees know that they can influence their evaluation and appraisals by siding with a particular manager, they might choose to do so. This may particularly happen when the functional and project manager do not get along together. These issues may be resolved by increasing cooperation between both the managers. For example, if a project manager assigns a task to a functional employee, he should notify the functional manager so that he does notfeel that his authority is surpassed. However, the issue may still remain if any or both of the managers are unwilling to cooperate. For this purpose, detailed evaluation forms may help. In those, the managers would have to give a detailed evaluation of the employees' assigned task

Achondroplasia Dwarfism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Achondroplasia Dwarfism - Research Paper Example The DNA segments carried on the chromosomes are known as genes that codes for proteins to help build and maintain the cells and pass on the traits or characteristics like eye color, height etc. to future generations. (Louis E. Bartoshesky, Teens Health, April 2009). DNA comprises of four chemicals adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and thymine (T) that combine to form proteins that in turn help the body to develop and grow. Diseases that arise due to the change in the genetic material of an individual are known as genetic disorders. Some genetic disorders can be harmless while other can be more serious. These disorders are of four types that can be passed on from ancestors while other may be caused due to environmental or chemical factors (Robin Doak, 2). These genetic disorders are of four types: 1. Single – gene / Mendelian / Monogenic is the mutation or change that occurs in single gene of DNA sequence. Mutation in a single gene stops its normal functioning thus causing disorder. There are more than 5000 types of single gene disorders. There are different types of single gene disorders (Robin L. Bennett, 23): Autosomal dominant where only one abnormal from one parent is enough to cause the disorder. Autosomal recessive where two mutated genes are required to cause the disorder. X-linked dominant and recessive caused by mutation of X chromosomes. Y-linked caused by mutation of Y chromosome... Dwarfism is a skeletal deformity usually inherited resulting in short stature of adults that is caused due to genetic or medical disorders where the average height of an adult is 4 feet 10 inches (William A. Petit, Christine A. Adamec, 69). There are almost 200 different types of dwarfism that are categorized into two forms: Proportionate form of dwarfism has overall small structure. Primordial dwarfism, Seckel syndrome etc. Disproportionate form of dwarfism has one or more body parts large or small than average size adult. Achondroplasia also known as ACH, Chondrodystrophia fetalis, Chondrodystrophy syndrome, Congenital osteosclerosis, Dwarf achondroplastic or Osteosclerosis congenital is the most common disproportionate form of dwarfism where converting the cartilage into bone (ossification) is affected. It comprises of almost 50 percent of all cases of dwarfism. It is a hereditary autosomal dominant disorder affecting the cartilage and bone growth (Joseph Anthony Joyce). There are 1 in 15,000 to 25,000 birth chances to be affected with this disorder worldwide. Dr. Johm Wasmuth along with his group of scientists found in 1994 that mutation of fibroblast growth factor receptor -3 (FGFR3) genes of human chromosome 4 cause achondroplasia (Who discovered it Website). The signs and symptoms of achondroplasia are: Large head with prominent forehead and Arms and legs are shorter compared to the trunk. Space between ring and middle fingers with abnormal appearance. Lesser elbow movement Bowing legs (genu varum) Muscle tone decrease Achondroplasia can be detected by prenatal ultrasound showing excessive amniotic fluid along with a DNA test to detect homozygosity (two copies of mutated genes are inherited which is fatal). Common medical

Penal policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Penal policy - Essay Example , they are charged for their food, water, bedding and other daily necessities based on a scale in accordance with their social standing which was used instead of their financial capacity (Faucult 1997, p 97). A variety of forms of this system which can be seen as an early and bad example of the user pays principle continued in England until the 1780s, when prisoners began to be sent to Australia (Faucult 1997, p. 98). The financial exploitation of prisoners was regular in France and the United States (US) all through much of the nineteenth century, but was significantly extended in the southern states of the US in response to the severe labor scarcity following the Civil War. In the US, convicts were either forced to work under state supervision on railroad construction, mining, lumbering and other areas where free labor was in short supply, or were subleased by the state to entrepreneurs who used them, fundamentally as slaves, on cotton plantations and in factories. Next to the United States is Australia when it comes to the participation to the era of privatization. The National Party government of Queensland decided to start the operation of the new prison located at Borallon, near Brisbane, controlled by a private company under a management contract. The current Labor government confirmed its decision immediately after coming to power and ever since placed its new remand and reception centre at Wacol, a Brisbane suburb, under private management. New South Wales is the only other Australian State to date to adopt prison privatization. The NSW Liberal Party Government has entered into contract with a private firm for the design, construction and management of a maximum security prison at Junee, which is scheduled to become operational in March 1993 (Logan 1997, p. 112). A private prison is an institution that is managed by a nongovernment entity on behalf of the state. Logan (1997, p. 113) defined it as a place of confinement management by a private company

Critical Analysis of A Doll House Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critical Analysis of A Doll House - Essay Example with feminist literature is limited, I believe that this play is an example of feminist thought since a woman (Nora) is able to confront and come to a settlement with the oppressor in her life. The liberties afforded to women today were non-existent in those times and I do not think that the ending of the play which shows Nora walking out on her husband and children would be acceptable to Victorian viewers. For her husband, Nora is nothing more than a person who keeps the house clean and beautiful as well as being a plaything for entertainment. However, by the end of the play we can see that the representations of characters are quite the contrary since Nora transforms herself completely. From a weak woman who lives by the whims and fancies of her husband, she gains enough strength to deny him completely and start her own life. She realizes how all men in her life have wanted to use her for one purpose or another and she is merely a doll living in a doll house. The forgery committed by her was to help her husband recover from his illness, yet all he could think of was the scandal which would be created if it was discovered. There is also the dual role of women presented in the beginning of the play which was particularly interesting i.e. a self sacrificing object and an object to be desired. Regardless of the social stature of the woman in question, she is expected to sacrifice herself for the man in her life whether it is a weak father or a sick husband. In terms of appearances, nothing in the house or the nature of the characters is shown to be true. Nora appears to be a weak and flighty woman while she is revealed to be thoughtful, caring and strong willed. Torvald is supposed to be the ‘man of the house’ and the one in charge of things however, all power is taken away from him by Nora and he shows his true colors as a coward by not supporting his wife. Krogstad appears to be a scheming, evil fellow at the beginning of the play but at the end he appears

FINAL DAIVS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

FINAL DAIVS - Essay Example The deployment of intelligence officers as undercover agents may yield valuable information. The investigations are supposed to be carried out in North Korea shipping terminals, and airports. Though it is a dangerous undertaking, South Korean intelligence can be used. This is because the Koreans have similar culture and language thus detection would not be easy. In addition to human intelligence, signal intelligence can be useful this entails detection of signals of communication between North Korea and Iran. This would enable the agents to know the shipping lines, date and time. As such interception can be easy. Signal interceptors can be schemed to tap signals emanating from North Korea key leaders and also Iran leaders, especially the military leaders. To make sure that the technology is not transported by land, the agency is supposed to alert the various governments involved along the transport corridor to Iran. By doing this, the threat of land transport could be minimized. Agents working on the ground should also have a backup plan in case the plan fails. There should be reinforcement in case their cover is blown. An effective backup may be the US Navy which can extract the persons from danger. Moreover, the navy can also be instrumental in sea interceptions. 2. You lead an analysis team for Army Intelligence. Your team has been assigned the task of determining what conditions will be like in Afghanistan after we draw down our troops, and also to determine if the Strategic Partnership agreement President Obama just signed will hold. Describe what your analysis will cover and what key questions your team needs to answer. What assistance will you need and from what other members of the IC? Afghanistan is a highly tribal country with armed groups read to destabilize the country. Since the ouster of the Taliban, the US troops, alongside NATO has been instrumental in maintaining peace. Afghanistan has a democratically elected government; however, it is

Disney World Value Driven Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Disney World Value Driven - Term Paper Example Value driven management has a significant goal of value maximization over a given period. The aim of this work is to show how Disney World is linked to value driven management. Disney World is a diversified mass media corporation for multination. It is the biggest in terms of revenue generation. It was founded in 1923 as a cartoon studio. It has its products ranging from cable television, publishing, movies, theme parks, broadcasting, radio, web portals, and offers licensing services. In order for Disney World to be successful, it took value driven management into action. The owner, Walt Disney, had a form of self-assessment and the knowledge to operate the company. He was committed towards bringing new products to the market. This led to the growth of the company that enabled it to survive even in tough economic times of the US that existed in the late 1930s and early 1940s (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). This self-assessment tool is a feature of value driven management. One other grea t feature that connects the Disney World to value driven management is its diversification of products. The company did not focus only on film production but it also thought of introducing new products to meet the competing customer needs. It had some other products like television debuts and theme park that quickly became successful. In order to achieve this, Disney solicited sponsorships that acted as cost subsidizers and it merchandised (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). Value driven management aims at value creation in order to cope with the changing times and to meet customer needs. Companies that do nothing about their products end up failing and therefore there is need for companies to keep on differentiating their products as time changes. The products of a company have to be unique at all times as this maintains the competitive nature of the company. This is what has maintained the growth of Disney World from the founding times to its present days. Walt Disney was a pioneer in cr eating unique animations that impressed both children and adults (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). He always applied skills and knowledge to his creativity making the products to be unique. Value driven management aims at no stopping even in adverse conditions. Value driven management is built with optimism. Disney had discouragements even from his family members and one of his projects was even termed as Disney’s Folly. His projects got him bankrupt at some points but he never had the attitude of stopping. He tried to look for funding of his work from film producers and in the process, he found one that funded snow white, which became a successful film and this is what made him begin his feature films (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). The real study of ideas by the World Disney has also played a major part in its success. On top of that, the management always believes in new projects. The confidence that that members have enables them to build ideas out of everything. His idea of Disn ey Land for example, was based on a park in Missouri. The idea of train had run in his mind at childhood age and he brought it to his creation of Disney Land (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). Revision and reform is a feature of value driven management that ensures that ideas are more than static. The success of Disney’s world also comes from Disney’s commitment for success. His dreams played a major role in the development of Disney’

Critical Analysis of A Doll House Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critical Analysis of A Doll House - Essay Example with feminist literature is limited, I believe that this play is an example of feminist thought since a woman (Nora) is able to confront and come to a settlement with the oppressor in her life. The liberties afforded to women today were non-existent in those times and I do not think that the ending of the play which shows Nora walking out on her husband and children would be acceptable to Victorian viewers. For her husband, Nora is nothing more than a person who keeps the house clean and beautiful as well as being a plaything for entertainment. However, by the end of the play we can see that the representations of characters are quite the contrary since Nora transforms herself completely. From a weak woman who lives by the whims and fancies of her husband, she gains enough strength to deny him completely and start her own life. She realizes how all men in her life have wanted to use her for one purpose or another and she is merely a doll living in a doll house. The forgery committed by her was to help her husband recover from his illness, yet all he could think of was the scandal which would be created if it was discovered. There is also the dual role of women presented in the beginning of the play which was particularly interesting i.e. a self sacrificing object and an object to be desired. Regardless of the social stature of the woman in question, she is expected to sacrifice herself for the man in her life whether it is a weak father or a sick husband. In terms of appearances, nothing in the house or the nature of the characters is shown to be true. Nora appears to be a weak and flighty woman while she is revealed to be thoughtful, caring and strong willed. Torvald is supposed to be the ‘man of the house’ and the one in charge of things however, all power is taken away from him by Nora and he shows his true colors as a coward by not supporting his wife. Krogstad appears to be a scheming, evil fellow at the beginning of the play but at the end he appears

Disney World Value Driven Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Disney World Value Driven - Term Paper Example Value driven management has a significant goal of value maximization over a given period. The aim of this work is to show how Disney World is linked to value driven management. Disney World is a diversified mass media corporation for multination. It is the biggest in terms of revenue generation. It was founded in 1923 as a cartoon studio. It has its products ranging from cable television, publishing, movies, theme parks, broadcasting, radio, web portals, and offers licensing services. In order for Disney World to be successful, it took value driven management into action. The owner, Walt Disney, had a form of self-assessment and the knowledge to operate the company. He was committed towards bringing new products to the market. This led to the growth of the company that enabled it to survive even in tough economic times of the US that existed in the late 1930s and early 1940s (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). This self-assessment tool is a feature of value driven management. One other grea t feature that connects the Disney World to value driven management is its diversification of products. The company did not focus only on film production but it also thought of introducing new products to meet the competing customer needs. It had some other products like television debuts and theme park that quickly became successful. In order to achieve this, Disney solicited sponsorships that acted as cost subsidizers and it merchandised (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). Value driven management aims at value creation in order to cope with the changing times and to meet customer needs. Companies that do nothing about their products end up failing and therefore there is need for companies to keep on differentiating their products as time changes. The products of a company have to be unique at all times as this maintains the competitive nature of the company. This is what has maintained the growth of Disney World from the founding times to its present days. Walt Disney was a pioneer in cr eating unique animations that impressed both children and adults (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). He always applied skills and knowledge to his creativity making the products to be unique. Value driven management aims at no stopping even in adverse conditions. Value driven management is built with optimism. Disney had discouragements even from his family members and one of his projects was even termed as Disney’s Folly. His projects got him bankrupt at some points but he never had the attitude of stopping. He tried to look for funding of his work from film producers and in the process, he found one that funded snow white, which became a successful film and this is what made him begin his feature films (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). The real study of ideas by the World Disney has also played a major part in its success. On top of that, the management always believes in new projects. The confidence that that members have enables them to build ideas out of everything. His idea of Disn ey Land for example, was based on a park in Missouri. The idea of train had run in his mind at childhood age and he brought it to his creation of Disney Land (Capodagli & Jackson, 2006). Revision and reform is a feature of value driven management that ensures that ideas are more than static. The success of Disney’s world also comes from Disney’s commitment for success. His dreams played a major role in the development of Disney’

The problem of minority prisoners Essay Example for Free

The problem of minority prisoners Essay The problem of minority prisoners has been high on agenda for several decades already. In this paper I will focus my attention on possible measures and remedies aimed at establishing bridges of understanding between minority prisoners and corrections. I have critically examined a significant number of authoritative sources regarding the issue and I’m going to evaluate the problems that exist in current situation with minority representatives in prison and advocate for the necessary policy change. I shall note with regret that escalating tension between minority prisoners and the personnel is jeopardizing the rehabilitation of the convicts. This problem is often but inadequately addressed by prison authorities. Let me bring some examples. In Pakistan, according to Shehar Bano Khan’s article entitled â€Å"’Ordeal’ of Minority Prisoners†, Christian prisoners suffered from the â€Å"bitter ordeal of discrimination†, and the â€Å"prison authorities unbridled highhandedness and discriminatory behaviour has become a major personal safety concern†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (www.dawn.com/2004/08/29/nat16.htm) I want to start enlisting methods of building bridges of understanding between minority prisoners and corrections by quoting the message of the Scottish Prison Service: â€Å"The Prison Service is absolutely committed to ensuring race equality and delivery of good race relations in all aspects of our work. We will ensure that race issues are addressed in all parts of our business – and promote race equality as a core standard and essential ingredient for running a successful prison.† (www.sps.gov.uk/home/reqs.pdf) All Party Parliamentary Group for Further Education and Lifelong Learning in the report on prison education came to the following conclusion: â€Å"Black and ethnic minority prisoners may have different learning needs and some requirement for different sites and modes of learning. For example there is a need for more culturally sensitive programmes for such prisoners prisoners whose first language is not English will need different learning programmes.† (http://www.natfhe.org.uk/says/pubsfued.html) This should be a very serious concern in the prisons worldwide; this principle should be applied to any interaction between the staff and minority prisoners, let alone the educational process. The staff of the prison should always keep in mind that prisoners from different racial and ethnic background may require using different interaction models. All the minority prisoners must have access to quality interpretation services; this is the first step to build the bridges of understanding in a literal sense. This may sound unrealistic for the moment but prison personnel should work towards the completion of this important goal. Keeping in mind, that minority prisoners may be vulnerable and sensitive about some issues, it would be of great use organizing a special training session for prison staff concerning cultural and religious practices of minority prisoners serving their sentence in a specific institution. The report entitled Implementing Race Equality in Prisons advices â€Å"to ensure effective training incorporating race equality issues†¦is developed and delivered to employees and contracted staff on the basis of learning need.† (www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf) Basically, the question of religion is a separate topic. The prison personnel should be very attentive to this issue since religious disrespect may cause tension and confrontation. For centuries prisoners have been deprived of their right to religious practices because it was perceived as an effective way to demoralize them. Let’s remember the controversy over the religious discrimination of the prisoners in Guantanamo. Shehar Bano Khan’s article also informs that in Pakistan, â€Å"discriminatory treatment of Christians and other minorities has become a regular feature†¦Ã¢â‚¬  with â€Å"janitorial work†¦assigned to the Christians only† and with â€Å"no preacher for them.† (www.dawn.com/2004/08/29/nat16.htm) The prison personnel should ensure that every minority prisoners has an opportunity and facilities to practice his/her religion; spiritual literature should be supplied if necessary. The guard shouldn’t subject the convicts to discrimination due to their religious beliefs. The Race Equality Scheme being implemented by Scottish Prison Service states the same: â€Å"Members of all religious groups have the same right to practice their faith. Arrangements should be made to give each group the same opportunities to do so.† (www.sps.gov.uk/home/reqs.pdf) There’s much debate over the question of the religious practices in prisons. It’s widely recognized that â€Å"although prisoners retain the right to free exercise of religion, incarceration places some practical limits on this right,† as Mara Schneider informs in the article entitled â€Å"Splitting Hairs: Why Courts Uphold Prison Grooming Policies and Why They Should Not.† (Michigan Journal of Race Law 2004)   Therefore, the prison personnel should ensure religious freedom unless it’s incompatible with safety concerns. The article by Jennifer Vogel entitled â€Å" White Guard, Black Guard: Racism in Washington Continues† informs that â€Å"more than one third of the more than 14,000 state prison prisoners are of minority descent.† In the article the issue of violence against minority workers and prisoners is scrutinize. The author proposes a highly efficient measure to establish fair treatment of minority prisoners. She especially stresses the fact that â€Å"while 23 percent of prisoners are black, only 6 percent of DOC employees are black.† (www.prisonlegalnews.org/ban.htm) Employing guards from minority background will provide a positive model of non-discrimination. Still, careful workplace control should be initiated. The offences of minority guards are reported and such practices lead to violence towards minority prisoners. This caused, according to Vogel’s article, â€Å"a frightening atmosphere where white guards refer to blacks as â€Å"coons† and worse; where minority prisoners are targeted for beatings; where black guards receive threats†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (www.prisonlegalnews.org/ban.htm) We live in multiethnic societies. Until there is no equality and fair representation of minorities in staff we can’t speak of establishing efficient communication between the prisoners and the guards. The report entitled Implementing Race Equality advices â€Å"to increase the proportion of staff from minority ethnic groups to achieve a representative workforce†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf) The statistical report entitled Ethnic Minorities: Crime and Criminal Justice states the following: â€Å"Ethnic minorities are under-represented in the police, prison service, lay magistracy and at senior levels in all criminal justice agencies.† (http://www.rouncefield.homestead.com/files/a_soc_dev_35.htm) The guards should never deprive prisoners of the use of any prison facilities. The Scottish Prison Service recommends the following: â€Å"The range of facilities provided and opportunities offered to staff and prisoners, including jobs, should be responsive to the needs of ethnic and racial groups. All staff and prisoners should have equal access to those facilities and opportunities.† (www.sps.gov.uk/home/reqs.pdf) The report entitled Implementing Race Equality in Prisons also supports this view by stating that the following should be proposed to all the prisoners on the equal basis: â€Å"Facility licences enable eligible prisoners the chance to participate in; training, employment, educational and community service or for official purposes such as attending civil court proceedings.† (www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf) We must admit that the most efficient way of protecting minority prisoners’ right is launching a formal complaint. Numerous court cases were initiated on this issue. Therefore I would suggest informing both the prisoners and the guards about non-discrimination legal acts and policies as well as practical methods of protecting their rights. All the necessary support should be provided to the prisoners who want to defend their right. Kimmett Edgar and Carol Martin interviewed the ethic minority representatives in the local prisons. Here’re their findings: â€Å"32% said they had not experienced anything that warranted a complaint†¦36% of those who had experienced discrimination said that they had complained.† The reasons for not complaining included that the prisoners â€Å"were frightened of reprisals from staff if they did complain,† or â€Å"believed it would be futile to complain,† or â€Å"they did not know how to complain.† (www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/rdsolr1104.pdf) Ensuring transparency and efficiency of the complaint system should be the primary concern of the prison personnel. An article reviewing The Black and Asian Prisoner s Guidebook and the Law attracts our attention to the fact that the basic rights of every person should be always respected: â€Å"The Civil and Human Rights of ethnic minority prisoners systematically apply by colour, race, nationality, ethnic or national origin, religion and religious beliefs.† (http://www.blink.org.uk/pdescription.asp?key=1095grp=16) Legal Assistance Available to Minority Prisoners in Delaware, the most comprehensive study of possible models of legal assistance, points out a series of problems preventing the prisoners from minority background from receiving qualified legal protection. This list includes poor interpretation services, shortage of paralegal help, shortage of the advocates speaking the languages of ethnic minorities as well as shortage of public defenders and judges. The prison personnel should help the prisoners to overcome all this barriers and to obtained necessary legal help. The report entitled Implementing Race Equality in Prisons stresses the importance of proper monitoring and surveying. This should include 1. Prisoner Ethnic Monitoring data outcomes, 2. Race Relations Management Audit score, 3. Substantiated/unsubstantiated racial incidents (prisoners/visitors), 4. Prisoner survey outcomes,5. Visitor survey outcomes. The report also proposes â€Å"to develop effective systems at national and establishment level to monitor progress on race equality ensuring compliance with†¦[the legislation]†¦and taking remedial action to address difficulties.† (www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf) Laura May in her article entitled Action Needed over Race Relations at Jail, Report Finds states the following:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Black and ethnic minority inmates in a prison believe they have been marginalised but inspectors could find no evidence of direct discrimination†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (http://news.scotsman.com/latest.cfm?id=1979788) Proper monitoring should be in place to prevent such common situations. Scottish Prison Service in the annual 2004 report indicated several important initiatives aimed at building bridges between minority prisoners and guards and establishing racial equality. From my point of view, the most interesting of them were â€Å"development of closer links with a number of external organisations in the promotion and development of race equality within our Service,† â€Å"the introduction of a foreign language book rental scheme for prisoners,† â€Å"the continued development of our Race Relations Complaints system and monitoring from our national Race Relations Liaison Monitoring Group,† as well as â€Å"the development of Dietary Guidance in relation to ethnic minority catering throughout the estate.† (http://www.sps.gov.uk/keydocs/race_equality_reports/default.asp) To sum up my paper, I would like to stress once more the importance of building bridges of understanding between the minority prisoners and corrections. The rights of the prisoners and non-discrimination should be the key principles in providing proper treatment of minority representatives. There is a variety of measures aimed at ensuring equality in prisons ranging from staff training to monitoring. But I would like to stress that all these measures would work only if applied consistently and simultaneously. References    NATFHE Prison Education Submission to the All Party Parliamentary Group for Further Education and Lifelong Learning,   June 2004 Available: http://www.natfhe.org.uk/says/pubsfued.html Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Shehar Bano Khan, â€Å"Ordeal of Minority Prisoners†, DAWN, 29 August, 2004 Available: www.dawn.com/2004/08/29/nat16.htm Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Jennifer Vogel, White Guard, Black Guard: Racism in Washington Continues, May, 1999 Available: www.prisonlegalnews.org/ban.htm Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Mara R. Schneider, Splitting Hairs: Why Courts Uphold Prison Grooming Policies and Why They Should Not, Michigan Journal of Race Law, Volume 9, Issue 2, Spring 2004 Scottish Prison Service, Race Equality Scheme, 2000 Available: www.sps.gov.uk/home/reqs.pdf Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Kimmett Edgar, Carol Martin, Perceptions of race and conflict: perspectives of minority ethnic prisoners and of prison officers, University of Oxford Centre for Criminological Research, Home Office Online Report 11/04, 2004 Available: www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/rdsolr1104.pdf Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Legal Assistance Available to Minority Prisoners in Delaware, 1989 Available: http://www.law.umaryland.edu/edocs/usccr/pdf%20files/Preservation%20Resources%20PDF/cr12as7z.pdf Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Commission for Race Equality, HM Prison Service, Implementing Race Equality in Prisons, December 2003 Available: www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Scottish Prison Service, Race Equality Annual Report, 2004 Available: http://www.sps.gov.uk/keydocs/race_equality_reports/default.asp Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 The Ethnic Minority Press, The Black and Asian Prisoner s Guidebook and the Law, A review, 19 August 2002 Available: http://www.blink.org.uk/pdescription.asp?key=1095grp=16 Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Ethnic Minorities: Crime and Criminal Justice Available: http://www.rouncefield.homestead.com/files/a_soc_dev_35.htm Last Accessed: 3 November 2004 Laura May, Scottman.com, Action Needed over Race Relations at Jail, Report Finds, 25 September 2003 Available: http://news.scotsman.com/latest.cfm?id=1979788 Last Accessed: 3 November 2004

Iran: Healthcare, Education and Culture

Iran: Healthcare, Education and Culture Comparative and international Family Research demonstration project Cultural issues related to families are quite dissimilar in various countries. United States and Islamic republic of Iran exhibit great cultural diversity. Iran in known is known in United States for its for its vast supply of oil. It is a fact beyond obvious perception that Iranian and American Culture are witnessed to be in the midst of a â€Å"culture clash† with perceived difference in values; this has lead to great confrontations and tension. â€Å"Irans glory has always been its culture† (Frye, 2005), Is a quote that portrays the inherent relationship between people and their culture, this as had a immense effect in family setup. The family within the Iranian culture is a very autonomous aspect of their culture, heavily based on male dominance contrary with the Americans were women can live autonomously without a mans authority. Irrespective of this, Iranians as well as Americans equally treasure their exclusive and intricate cultural identity, whether its the Ira nians intrinsic values of Islamic religion, gender roles and family importance or Americas unique marriage taboos depicts the importance of culture alike (COMM 325 Iran, 2007). From both perspectives, we must examine the impact of religion, education, housing and geographical location among others to understand their family structure and cultural issues. Housing and Geographical location Iran is a country in south-west Asia. It is located at the southern shores of Caspian Sea, bordering the republic of Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Turkmenistan to the north, Turkey, Iraq, Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman to the west, and to the east is Pakistan and Afghanistan (Tavassoli, 2002). Its the 18th largest country in the world with an area of 1,648,195km2 having an estimate population of 74 million people. Its a country with diverse landscapes varying from flat lands to deserts and from mountains to plateaus. It holds two mountain chains, the Alborz Mountains to the northand the Zagross to the south-west. This makes Irans land of true beauty and magnificence (Tavassoli, 2002). It further has a massive volcanic peak called Damavand located along the Alborz mountain ranges (Neff, 2006). In additions, its a home to two impassible barrier deserts called ‘Daht e Kavir and ‘Dasht e Lut. With this king of environment, the spatial characteristic o f traditional Iranian houses reflects natural, geographical and cultural needs. One important aspect is adaptation to the harsh climate most notable on the central parts of the country. Houses are constructed of Adobe and brick with unique fabled artistic and deep heritage architecture while in the United States; houses are made of stones and blocks (Harvey, 2005). Education Iranian education system is divided into five cycles namely, pre-school, primary, middle or guidance, secondary and post-secondary education. Elementary education is mandatory under the countrys constitution but due to high number of applicants for post-secondary educations, admission to these institutions is based on a nation-wide examination, giving a opportunity only to the most talented and bright students. All these levels of study enjoy free education, private schools and universities too do exist but allowed by law to charge tuition fees. Demand for post secondary education far much exceeds supply with only 27% of all applicants being admitted. (MCHE, 2009), approximately 50% of the Irans population is under the age of 25; hence quite difficult for the government to provide proper education for all (MCHE, 2009). Students at the two phases of primary and middle/guidance education are required to do a national and regional exam as compulsory for continuation. This does not apply in the United States. The literacy rates stand at 76.9% (UNESCO, 2009). Religions Islam is the religion of up to 98% of Iranians with approximately 90% being the Shia and 8% being Sunni. Other minorities make up 2% of the remaining non- Muslims. In Iran, divine law in the unique source of legitimacy and the unique interpreter of divine law is the spiritual leader. Any interpretations by the spiritual leader are not questionable. Furthermore, religion played a key role in the lifestyle of Iranians. Frey (2004) states that, issues such as polygamy were highly regulated by the Islam custom, where the religion permitted a man to have as many wives as possible. The religious law too supports the sanctifying of the family in diverse ways, defining conditions for divorce, inheritance and guardianship. These have had an impact in the entire family structure and ways of living. Issues of religious freedom are yet to be achieved with non-Muslims being discriminated and harassed. Conversion too from Islam is punishable to death. This is quite contrary to the United States we re there is freedom of worship and change of religion. Atheists have their own rights too, and peoples lifestyle seems not to be influence much by religion (Frey, 2004). Socio-cultural beliefs and values Before revolution, the Iranian society practiced segregation of sexes. Men dominated the family and subjected women to hardship in the name of culture. Mostafavi, Mehryar and Agha (2006), argued that â€Å"mens beliefs family planning is the responsibility of women has reduced their likelihood of their participation in family planning activities† (Mostafavi, Mehryar Agha, 2006, p.78). This means that men could not be keen at all on such issues of family planning at the expense of their wives. This is quite similar with the American culture in the fifties where, women where being taught to be housewives failure to which they were being despised.FRD (2004) further re-affirmed that, â€Å"Women generally practiced use of chador (or veil) when in public or when males not related to them were in the house. In traditional view, an ideal society was one in which women were confined to the home, where they performed the various domestic tasks associated with managing a household and rearing children. Men worked in public sphere, that is, in the fields, factories, bazaars and offices. Deviation from this ideal, especially in the case of women, tended to reflect adversely upon the reputation of the family† (p.147) An individual with no family ties has little importance and status in the larger society. Only if a person does something disgusting to Islam can such ties be detached. Even though the culture is strict in the roles of women, westernization has eroded some of these old values. Among these ideas are; women being involved in the public world such as education and labor force (FRD, 2004). In addition, the word ‘household had a quite different connotation than it is for the American culture. While for the Americans it refers to the actual structure were the family unit resides, the Iranian culture describes it has the cooperation and relationship between man and the woman (COMM 325, 2007). The family is quite autonomous heavily based on male supremacy. Even if the oldest member is the grandfather, father or son, they have the right to be in charge of the household. Polygamy is also practiced highly and enshrined in the Islamic law. This too is quite different with the United States where polygamy is hardly practiced. Another complex cultural practiced which is highly termed as a taboo in the United States is marriages within the family context and the process of choosing marriage partner. Reliance on family members to choose a spouse for one of their own for marriage is still quite prevalent in Iran (COMM 325, 2007). Marrying a close relative is termed incest in the United States and is heavily prohibited. As much these two cultures are geographically far away, and with such sharp difference in culture, they too have some relationship in common, just like Iranians, Americans still value the importance of the family set up. This is much portrayed by the politicians where they are highly influenced by the wider family in their quest for political ambitions in the United States. The perception of women in both cultures is still eminent. Although w omen enjoy freedom and little influence from men, there still exist notable hierarchal differences with male dominance on the top in almost all aspect. For example, men generally are still paid more and reside in plush places than women (COMM 325, 2007). Sociopolitical systems and structures The political system in Iran is quite peculiar; this is much attributed by the fact that the state is an institution of divine will, where the divine law is the unique source of legitimacy and political authority. The depository and unique interpreter of divine law is the spiritual leader whose religious jurisprudence is given to be in charge of all aspects of political society. The spiritual leader exercises his control over the judiciary, the army, the police, the radio and also over the president and parliament; institutions elected by the people (Fidh, 2003). This clearly depicts the Islamic ideology in the political framework of Iran, hence a theocratic republic. This is quite different from the American system were the religion is autonomous and has no direct link with the federal political system of governance (Iran Year Book, 1996). Iran has three branches of government with the executive being headed by the supreme leader as the head of s tat e and present as t he head of government and council ministers whereas in the United states executive consists of the president who is both the head of state and government and delegates. Both countries share four year term of re-electing leaders with most of the top organ leaders holding electoral offices (UNESCO, 2009). Economics Iran is the second largest oil producer among OPEC member countries and it is the leading export commodity in the country. Agricultural products too such as wheat, rice etc contributes 10.4% of the GDP. The GDP stands at $852.6 billion and growth rate stands at 6.2% contrary to that of the United States GDP of$ 14.441 trillion and growth rate of 0.4% in 2008. The per capita income lies at $12,300 with an unemployment rate of 12.1%. Total exports amounted to $76.5 billion in 2008, 80% being from petroleum (UNESCO, 2009).These figures are quite insignificant compared with $1.283 trillion worth of export from the United States with a per capita income of $47,422 in 2008. The urban status has enjoyed lots of economic mobility due many opportunities emerging from government bureaucracies and revolutionary organization compared to the rural dwellers. Imports stood at $61.3 billion much being of industrial raw materials and military supplies (US Department of State, 2008). Access and utilization of health care The largest healthcare system is run and managed by the Ministry of health and Medical Education. It is charged responsibility to regulate and oversee healthcare system. However, access and availability of health care is limited particularly in provinces where figures indicate lower prevalence of diseases compared with nationwide figures. The government has also established low cost clinics to care for the law income. Able people mostly in the large cities of Tehran and Isfahan use private hospitals which charge heavy bills. This has boosted the Life expectancy of Iranian which stood at 70.8 years in 2008 with every citizen entitled to basic health care offered at subsidized rates by the government. In the United States, healthcare system lies on the private hands with a view government hospitals (UNESCO, 2009). Food, dietary habits and body image Several Iranian dishes originated from the Greeks, Arabs, Turks and Russians. This happened in the midst of human civilization through invasions. Their stable meal mainly comprises of larger amount of grains especially rice, fruits and vegetables with small amounts of read meat. A typical Iranian meal is often a heaping plate of rice spiced with greens (Spencer, 1997). About 6% of population of Iran is undernourished according to World Bank. This means they do not receive adequate nutrition. Of children too under the age of five, 16% are underweight and about 19% are stunted. This explains the nutrient deficiency in their diet. Stable food for Unites States is wheat and wheat product but their diet is much blended coffee, tea, fruit juices and cereals. They are quite accessible to balanced diets with low cases of nutrient deficiency (Spencer, 1997). Technology and mass media Iran still has limited media freedom in dissemination of information with the government being in control. The administration too is yet to allow the internet to be a public forum with government involvement in filtering the internet. Several cases of harassment and closure of internet cafes in Tehran with g rounds of no permits and promoting immorality but it became apparent that the closure was due to Iranians use internet to make low cost international calls making the ministry of Post Telegraph and Telephone lose significant revenues (Washington post, 29th September 2006). With such frustrations, Iranians remain tangled with their culture with limited use of technology equipments in their households. A big contradiction exists with the United States where internet access is accessible by majority of the population without filtration by the government (Spencer, 1997). Conclusion Cultural issues related to families in Iran, is much affected by their religion. Through such studies of their cultural differences, it has helped to better understand one another and fully appreciate what we share in common and make sense of our perceived differences. This kind of understanding, help clear perceptions of hostilities and appreciate our fascinating cultures. Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl: Analysis Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl: Analysis Lamb to the Slaughter is a wound, holding story of Mary Maloney, who kills her own particular spouse by hitting him with a solidified leg of lamb and after that concealing her wrongdoing and discarding the proof by encouraging the lamb to the policemen who come to examine the murder. This sharp story is created down to the littlest detail; each word and expression suggests something, frequently has a moment significance thus controls the perusers feeling. The component that makes this story significantly all the more intriguing, is that it is composed from the killers perspective, while the conclusion of the creator is still obvious. Roald Dahl adequately built up the hero both specifically and in a roundabout way; however the utilization the suspense is more overwhelming in light of the fact that it uncovers and clarifies Mary Malloneys activities. Roald Dahl utilizes the long, short sentences and dynamic wording to make strain,anticipation and suspense with a wide range of systems. Roald Dahl effectively used long sentences to make a rundown of dreadful or stressing points of interest, which makes a mind-boggling, claustrophobic or serious feeling. Mary Maloney is the primary character of the story, a character that Dahl goes to considerable lengths to build up deliberately toward the start of this breathtaking short story. Mary is obviously a committed spouse to her significant other, Patrick. Dahl sets aside opportunity to clarify her care for Patrick. What this representation plainly does not set us up for is the situational irony that comes when Mary slaughters her Patrick. At that point, Mary Maloney simply walked up behind him and without any pause, swung the big frozen leg of lamb high in the air and brought it down as hard as she could. Mary has a sudden change of temper and feeling. We see her go from an enthusiastic, mindful and delicate lady to this imprudent, frightening and vindictive character. The suspense gradually develops when the begin of man y inquiries rises. The violence of the crash, the noise, the small table overturning, helped bring her out of shock. She came out slowly, feeling cold and surprised The descriptive language and the long sentence utilized as a part of the content genuinely includes a great deal of anticipation by building up the dreadful climate of the house and the feelings going through Marys mind leaving us holding our breaths and imploring that the house does not turn into a crime scene. She carried the meat into the kitchen, placed it on the pan, turned the oven on high, and shoved it inside. In this quote we are likewise given a great measure of detail in this long sentence to put accentuation and help foretell what will later on occur in the story; the meat getting eaten. Roald Dahl used long sentences that were utilized to slow a description down and to make a feeling of unwinding or time dragging later on adding to the suspense. Roald Dahl utilizes exact words to help foretell diverse occasions in the story that make suspence. When the clock hit ten minutes to five, she began to listen, and a few moments later, punctually as always. With the use of the word punctual we are in a path put into a condition of suspense where we are not sure anymore if he will come back knowing the frightening title. Close to the beginning of the story,Mary is extremely possessive of her life partner. The feeling however was not circulated to Mary. Hullo Darling Perceiving how Patrick is not demonstrating the affection this shows the condition of anticipation and pressure amongst Mary and Patrick and again helping us foretell what may happen later on .In conclusion, the use of the words imagine and visionized help with the suspenceful part of the story knowing Marys incautious practices. Her first instinct was to not believe any of it, to reject it all. It occured to her that she imagined or visualized Adding on, Roald Dahl used different words to improve the depiction and general state of mind, and help create the suspense and foreshadowing of the story. Roald Dahl used short sentences give us a dread, since we do not expect them for some time. It gives short sentences a startling quality, which is truly valuable for making suspense. The ending of the story definitely was made to keep the reader at the edge of his chair and to kick with suspense. Mary began to giggle This quote expands on the dramatic conclusion that is assume to leaves in a condition of stun knowing her arrangement and guile payed off. This keeps on building suspense with the impact of not knowing whether the police will genuinely uncover the puzzle of Patricks passing. Through the story we see the change in heart of Mary and her impulsive actions and thoughts taking over her. It made no difference to her. This quote genuinely speaks to how Mary will battle through anything to escape inconvenience. It demonstrates to us how as it were, she is frail for experiencing the greater part of this only because of her significant other leaving The anticipation begins to dev elop when we are not sure if the cops will fall into her trap or not. The lamb turns out to be a significant symbol in the sotry. A leg of lamb. This quote introduces the main symbol of the story which in a way create suspense due to the entitlement of the story. Roald Dahl used short sentences to the create shape isnt common. They stop. Out of the blue. It feels distracted. It is meant to keep the state of tension and suspense. All things considered, it is apparent that suspense and tension are made in the short story The lamb to the slaughter The author utilized long and short sentences and significant words t as a method for making the sought environment, and prevail with regards to accomplishing his point. However there are contrasts in which this making of frightfulness and tension are organized inside these stories. Taking everything into account, the story gives a stunning and anticipation encounter through various strategies and systems.

Needless Boundaries in Frosts Mending Wall Essay -- Frost Mending Wa

Needless Boundaries in Frost's Mending Wall As long as man has existed, territories and boundaries have been a part of life. Everyone finds a need to have a part of this earth that he can call his own. As soon as one finds his own space, he begins to set boundaries sometimes in the form of walls or fences. This creation of a wall raises the question with the poet, Robert Frost, as to what they are â€Å"walling in or walling out.† In his poem â€Å"Mending Wall,† Frost as the narrator participates in the repairing of a wall that he finds little purpose in. Frost suggests that besides himself there is â€Å"something† mysterious that doesn’t like walls. For example, the frozen ground swells to make gaps big enough to walk through and hunters with their dogs perhaps hav...

Juries and their place in society :: essays research papers

The first months of war resounded with the collision of the war plans pored over for decades by the general staffs of Europe. The original German plan for a two-front war, drafted by Helmuth von Moltke the elder, had called for taking the offensive against Russia and standing on the defensive in the rugged Rhineland. The plan showed military prudence and complemented the stabilizing diplomacy of Bismarck. But Alfred, Graf von Schlieffen, presided over the German military in the era of Kaiser William's Weltpolitik and adopted a more ambitious and risky course. His plan, conceived in 1891 and completed by 1905, envisioned a massive offensive in the west to knock out the compact French forces in six weeks, whereupon the army could shift eastward to confront the plodding Russians. But a quick decision could be achieved in France only by a vast enveloping action. The powerful right wing of the German army must descend from the north and pass through the neutral Low Countries. This would virtually ensure British intervention. But Schlieffen expected British aid to be too little and too late. In sum, the Schlieffen Plan represented a pristine militarism: the belief that all factors could be accounted for in advance, that execution could be flawless, that pure force could resolve all political problems including those thrown up by the plan itself. In the event, the Germans realized all of the political costs of the Schlieffen Plan and few of the military benefits.Like the Germans, the French had discarded a more sensible plan in favour of the one implemented. French intelligence had learned of the grand lines of the Schlieffen Plan and its inclusion of reserve troops in the initial assault. General Victor Michel therefore called in 1911 for a blocking action in Belgium in addition to an offensive into Alsace-Lorraine. But this required twice the active troops currently available. France would either have to give up the Belgian screen or the offensive. The new chief of staff, J.-J.-C. Joffre, refused to believe that Germany would deploy reserve corps in immediate combat and gave up the screen. By October 1914 all the plans had unraveled. After the German defeat in the Battle of the Marne, the Western Front stabilized into an uninterrupted line for 466 miles from Nieuwpoort on the Belgian coast south to Bapaume, then southeast past Soissons, Verdun, Nancy, and so to the Swiss frontier.

Expository research paper Essay

Minority students have been discriminated against for a very long time; many people think that minorities don’t have the same opportunities as others, but in reality they have many advantages. Minority students have opportunities to get into good colleges and getting more scholarships than other non-minority students. Colleges look for the obvious things like grades, and extracurricular activities and all those things but what most really want is to have diversity in the college and therefore colleges need minority students. Colleges read students’ applications thoroughly, so colleges’ look for stuff that sticks out, stuff that makes a student different than the rest one thing that might sticks out is race. In the article is says, â€Å"An applicants final determination of what to say about race is often made consultation with a college counselor. Many counselors may convey to families that a multiracial applicant has a better chance of being admitted to a highly selective college than those in any other racial or ethnic category. †(Saulny). This tells how a multiracial student may have a better chance of getting into a good college than those in other racial or ethnic categories. â€Å"Many private scholarships are geared toward minorities because they are looking for something in particular†(Borowski). The author talks about how private colleges seek at minorities, which tells that they consider race are when choosing students. Molina 2 Scholarships are used to help students get into college, but some scholarships are targeted to specific students, most likely minority students. This also could equal disadvantages to non-minority students. In this article the author says, â€Å"Some private scholarships are based on a students characteristics such as race, ethnicity, and religion, and some are based on professional affiliations or future career choices†(Borowski). Private scholarships look for very specific things in students which show how much of a disadvantage some students have in. The article talks about one student’s problem, â€Å"As Johnson found, private scholarships can extremely selective. â€Å"When I research all the grants and scholarships out there, they are all really specific, targeted towards everyone but me, he says, Are you a Pacific islander who plays tuba? There is a scholarship for you. Or a woman from an inner city who works with animals? There’s a grant for you. But a hard working boy from the suburbs? Nothing. †(Borowski). The author shows how very specific scholarships can be and how they affect other people who do not fit the description of what that scholarship wants. Another reason why minorities have an advantage is because of stereotypes even if it doesn’t apply to that student. In an article a student says, â€Å"I just realized that my race is something I have to think about,† she describes herself as having an Asian mother and a black father. â€Å"It pains me to say this, but putting down black might help admission. †(Saulny). This states how putting down a specific race might better or worsen someone’s chances depending on that particular race. A mother states, â€Å"My 17 year old son is a high B student and an excellent athlete, but we’ve been unable to find any scholarships for him because he’s white. † Elizabeth says, Johnson also says â€Å"We aren’t wealthy. We don’t take on fancy vacations and we do without a lot of things. Yet because I’m white, I don’t get a hand. There are all kinds or nationalities at Molina 3 my high school, whose families have a lot more money than we have, and yet they are getting scholarships. †(Saulny). This tells how stereotypes can give minority students an advantage by colleges stereotyping and giving help to those who don’t really need it instead of to the ones that do. Minority students also think that it is a disadvantage being a minority but in reality it can be an advantage against non-minority students. Minority students are what colleges look for. There are scholarships targeted towards minorities, and due to stereotypes there are advantages. These affect more than just minority students, it basically affects everyone because being a non-minority is at a disadvantage of getting a scholarship or getting into a good college. In today’s society someone’s race could affect their future. Saulny, Susan, and Jacques Steinberg. â€Å"On College Forms, a Question of Race, or Races, Can Perplex. † New York Times 13 June 2011: n. pag. The New York Times. Web. 13 Apr. 2014. . Borowski, Susan. â€Å"Scholarships and the White Male: Disadvantaged or Not? † Insight into Diversity. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Apr. 2014. .

Rosenbaum’s a Perversion of the Past (Mississippi Burning)

Oleh Jonathan Rosenbaum's critique of the 1988 film â€Å"Mississippi Burning† draws much of its intellectual adn emotional response to the film from Rosenbaum's personal experiences as a participant in the civil rights movement of the 1960's. The article — which casts the movie â€Å"Mississippi Burning† in a pretty much unfavorable light due to what Rosenbaum feels is a deliberate series of distortions of historical fact — recounts in equal portions, Rosenbaum's direct experiences of the era and the experience of the era as it is presented by the movie's director, Alan Parker, who Rosenbaum immediately identifies as a former advertising director. Rosenbaum also remarks that Parker's previous films: â€Å"all reek of advertising's overheated style† (Rosenbaum, 119). and Rosenbaum also makes it clear that he is not, himself, an impersonal interpretor of the era of the civil rights movement that Parker's movie attempts to cover. Rosenbaum's article appeared in a book-length collection of his essays entitled â€Å"Movies as Politics† published in 1997. The book contains numerous essays on Hollywood films and attempts to shed light on the political repercussions of the all-too-routine historical inaccuracies and poetic license which is deeply embedded in contemporary commercial films. Rosenbaum's thesis, relative to â€Å"Mississippi Burning† is that damage to American culture is, indeed, done by the making of a movie which focuses on superficial imagery: churches burning, people being beaten, etc — and in fact distorts the truth of factual occurrences — in order to fulfill the attributes of a successful commercial film. Rosenbaum claims that â€Å"Mississippi Burning† is a dangerous re-visioning of history for many reasons, foremost among them: the fact that the film features two white protagonists, both of whom are federal agents, plus the undeniable fact that Parker in shaping his protagonists as unambiguously moral agents with no trace of personal racism or fear of racists, completely distorts the historical truths behind the events of the film. For example, Rosenbaum remarks that in his personal experience, no agency or authoritative bureau seemed the least bit interested in helping civil rights activists: â€Å"the answer was no-one. Certainly not the local police or the FBI as I quickly learned† (Rosenbaum, 119) and his conclusion that Parker has not only re-envisioned, but wilfully perverted the historical facts behind the event of â€Å"Mississippi Burning† to create a more salable film are rational and just in my opinion. Within the format of the essay, which is more conversational in tone than scholarly, Rosenbaum relies primarily upon anecdotal remembrances and personal experiences than on solidly researched historical evidence or upon sociological references of any kind. His assertions are certainly emotionally convincing because it doesn't take much effort to persuade me, or probably many other people, that a big-money director of commercial films would distort or change whatever was necessary in order to make a successful film in economic terms. If it were not so, then said director would still be directing TV commercials. This seems to be the most onerous flaw in Rosenbaum's thesis, as I am not entirely convinced that Parker or anyone else associated with Hollywood movies ever intended to make anything other than a piece of entertainment posed as drama with a more or less obvious historical â€Å"hook. However, the use of serious cultural issues for the purpose of making money is usually referred to as exploitation and I think Rosenbaum does a quite convincing job of painting Parker as an exploitative director bent first on making money and success and only secondarily, if at all, interested in the issues of substantive historical record of the e vents the movie ostensibly was meant to cover.